{"id":34711,"date":"2023-05-11T08:20:15","date_gmt":"2023-05-11T12:20:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/?p=34711"},"modified":"2024-01-16T19:40:56","modified_gmt":"2024-01-16T19:40:56","slug":"sharpen-u-s-clean-energy-trade-financing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/our-take\/sharpen-u-s-clean-energy-trade-financing\/","title":{"rendered":"Sharpen U.S. Clean Energy Trade &amp; Financing"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The dual imperatives of addressing energy security and climate change are inherently international. The world needs more energy, and emissions know no borders. ClearPath sees a future where America and like-minded partners lead the world in addressing climate change by developing and deploying the most innovative, market-competitive clean energy technologies. U.S. emissions are a smaller and smaller part of the global total, <a href=\"https:\/\/rhg.com\/research\/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-2021\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">now roughly 11%<\/a>, which emphasizes the need for the U.S. to work effectively with international partners and allies because our efforts at home will not be enough to solve our energy and climate challenges alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The U.S. has built a good track record, AND we need to do more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We must be clear-eyed about the intense global competition the U.S. faces. For instance, since 2000 China has become a dominant player of global energy finance, issuing over <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/cgef\/#\/intro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$234 billion in loans for energy projects<\/a> to roughly 68 strategically-significant nations, with about 75% of that directed towards coal, oil, and gas development. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/gdp\/2022\/12\/14\/chart-of-the-week-energy-finance-commitments-by-major-development-finance-institutions-2016-2021\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">For perspective<\/a>, from 2016-2021, China provided more energy project financing around the world than all major Western-backed Multilateral Development Banks combined. In order to compete effectively, the U.S. needs to make better use of the policy tools we already have, and design new ones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"center\" style=\"text-align: center; padding-right: 20px;\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 28px;\"><span class=\"md-bold\" style=\"color: #9d1c20;\">Energy Finance Commitments by Major Development Finance Institutions, 2016-2021<\/span><\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"clearpath-lightbox-img alignnone wp-image-5112 size-full lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/05\/energy-finance-commitments-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"494\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/494;\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Official project databases of each development finance institution (DFI); China\u2019s Global Energy Finance (CGEF) Database, 2022. Boston University Global Development Policy Center.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What\u2019s Past is Prologue<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Some of the most impactful tools in America\u2019s toolkit are international trade and financing policies, and this is nothing new. Institutions like the U.S. <a href=\"https:\/\/sgp.fas.org\/crs\/misc\/R43671.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Export Import (EXIM) Bank were established in the wake of World War II<\/a>, engaging in the reconstruction of Europe and Japan, then evolved in the 1950s and \u201860s to help American exporters gain a foothold in emerging markets and later supported large-scale infrastructure projects in the \u201870s. In 1985, President Ronald Reagan signed the United States\u2019 first free trade agreement into law, the <a href=\"https:\/\/ustr.gov\/trade-agreements\/free-trade-agreements\/israel-fta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S.-Israel Free Trade Agreement<\/a>, which helped America solidify one of its closest strategic partnerships that now spans nearly every domain including commerce and clean energy technologies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The world has changed a lot since the Reagan era. The expansion of China\u2019s Belt and Road Initiative and Russia\u2019s 2022 invasion of Ukraine have underscored the need for United States international leadership, not only for our own energy security, but also that of our partners. This can be supported through exports and financing of technologies that reduce reliance on adversarial nations while reducing emissions. Concerted action with our partners and allies through trade and financing can be an essential counterweight to other nations that do not have our best interests, nor the world\u2019s climate, at heart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<aside class=\"float-right\" style=\"text-align: center; margin-left: 20px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"clearpath-lightbox-img alignnone wp-image-5112 size-full lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/05\/poland-nuclear-exports-exim-dfc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"303\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 500px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 500\/303;\"><\/aside>\n\n\n\n<p>A recent example of the strategic role that American financing can play for clean energy is the development of Poland\u2019s first nuclear plants. The Trump Administration led a <a href=\"https:\/\/pl.usembassy.gov\/iga_fact_sheet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">key Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA)<\/a> between the U.S. and Poland to develop Poland\u2019s civil nuclear power program and industrial sector. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.state.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/21-224-Poland-Nuclear-Energy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">That agreement<\/a> clearly articulated America\u2019s intention to leverage the U.S. EXIM Bank and other government financing institutions for Polish reactors. Subsequently, the U.S. Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) <a href=\"https:\/\/ustda.gov\/ustda-advances-polands-civil-nuclear-energy-program-by-funding-u-s-industry-led-study\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">funded an initial engineering study<\/a> for Poland to assess the viability of Pennsylvania-based Westinghouse Electric Company\u2019s AP1000 reactor technology. These efforts culminated in November 2022 when the U.S. Government tabled a comprehensive, competitive technical and financing package, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/articles\/poland-and-us-announce-strategic-partnership-launch-polands-civil-nuclear-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Polish Government chose Westinghouse\u2019s reactor<\/a>, in a deal worth roughly $40 billion. Building on that, in April 2023 EXIM and the U.S. Development Finance Corporation <a href=\"https:\/\/www.exim.gov\/news\/export-import-bank-united-states-issues-3b-letter-interest-for-nuclear-exports-poland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">signed an agreement<\/a> to finance up to $4 billion for another Polish project that could support the U.S. export of GE Hitachi\u2019s small modular reactors. These kinds of projects bring geostrategic, economic, and climate benefits to the people of Poland and the United States, and are made possible by the backing of American financing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Painstakingly negotiated trade agreements, like the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), are also an important lever to promote high-standards American industrial practices abroad. Among the provisions of USMCA are <a href=\"https:\/\/ustr.gov\/trade-agreements\/free-trade-agreements\/united-states-mexico-canada-agreement\/benefits-environment-united-states-mexico-canada-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">enforceable requirements for Canada and Mexico to effectively implement their environmental laws<\/a>, including air quality and emissions, without weakening those laws just to promote their own exports and investment. Other provisions commit the countries to enhancing trade and investment in environmental goods and services, including clean energy technologies, by eliminating tariff and non-tariff barriers. Agreements like these can help create the economic conditions to support clean technology innovation and deployment, while establishing a bulwark against nations that do not adhere to such standards. America\u2019s network of trading partners is a powerful dimension of global leadership and should be continually expanded and improved, in part, to help combat environmental arbitrage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exciting Opportunities for Policy Changes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Both the example of Poland\u2019s civil nuclear program and the USMCA \u2013 initiated under conservative leadership and implemented in a bipartisan manner \u2013 took years to come together. Unfortunately, this type of coordinated effort across U.S. federal agencies is the exception not the norm. Many of the best tools, such as the Development Finance Corporation, are often disconnected from the rest of the government financing tools and clean energy goals. This is not an effective way to compete with rival countries where there is far more strategic alignment across agencies and often their non-market, state-owned enterprises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s why we need to better leverage existing tools and build new ones in order to reach our future clean energy and climate ambitions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A good example of a needed fix is EXIM\u2019s China Transformational Exports Program (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.exim.gov\/about\/special-initiatives\/ctep\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CTEP<\/a>). This program has a Congressional mandate for EXIM to support U.S. exporters facing competition from China in 10 key Transformational <a href=\"https:\/\/www.exim.gov\/about\/special-initiatives\/ctep\/10-transformational-export-areas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Export Areas<\/a>. One of those export areas is \u201crenewable energy, energy efficiency, and energy storage.\u201d Conceptually, the program could be a valuable lever for all clean energy technology providers (and the financing needs of foreign customers) facing unfair competition. But unfortunately \u2013 to the detriment of our geopolitical, clean energy, and climate goals \u2013 limiting this program to renewable energy sources alone leaves out important technologies like advanced nuclear, carbon capture and storage (CCS), and hydrogen. In an all-of-the-above energy competition with China, CTEP deserves a common-sense revision to be more technology neutral when it comes to clean energy if we\u2019re serious about competing and winning on exports and against climate change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For years the United States led negotiations on a high-standards Environmental Goods Agreement (EGA) to lower trade barriers on clean energy technologies. Although the negotiations were not completed, significant progress was made. For many of the clean energy products previously under consideration for an EGA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.csis.org\/analysis\/environmental-goods-agreement-new-frontier-or-old-stalemate#:~:text=The%20U.S.%20International%20Trade%20Commission,a%20peak%20at%207%20percent.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. tariffs are already very low compared to tariffs American exporters face<\/a> in foreign countries. Accordingly, an EGA would help open international markets to U.S. clean energy technologies that are being rapidly demonstrated and deployed. An ambitious EGA would reduce the price of U.S. clean energy abroad, helping other countries lower emissions affordably while supporting American jobs. There has been recent bipartisan interest in pursuing a new EGA to help modernize the global trading framework, and the U.S. should seriously consider getting back to the negotiating table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"center\" style=\"text-align: center; padding-right: 20px;\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 28px;\"><span class=\"md-bold\" style=\"color: #9d1c20;\">Clean Energy + Trade = Jobs<\/span><\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"clearpath-lightbox-img alignnone wp-image-5112 size-full lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2023\/05\/reduce-prices-reduce-co2-american-jobs.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"195\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/195;\">\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>These are just a couple examples as to why every tool in our policy toolkit should be available \u2013 and sharpened \u2013 to address massive global challenges like energy security and climate change. No nation will use a single clean power technology, every country will need to find the right mix given its national circumstances, geography, resource endowments, and pre-existing industry. Our competitors are bringing enormous resources to bear in an effort to dominate these markets, which requires the United States to be more agile and strategic in order to advance our long-term goals. But with the right policies in place, and in coordinated action with partners around the world, our energy and climate future will be bright, at home and abroad.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The dual imperatives of addressing energy security and climate change are inherently international. The world needs more energy, and emissions know no borders. ClearPath sees a future where America and like-minded partners lead the world in addressing climate change by developing and deploying the most innovative, market-competitive clean energy technologies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":294,"featured_media":34706,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"wds_primary_category":19,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[35,18],"class_list":["post-34711","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-our-take","tag-international","tag-nuclear"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34711","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/294"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34711"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34711\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34706"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34711"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34711"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saperemarketing.com\/clearpath\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}